被动语态是英语语法中的一种重要句型结构,它用于表达主语是被动接受动作的情况。以下是被动语态的全部知识:
1. 被动语态的构成:主语+be动词(am/is/are/was/were)+过去分词。例如,“The cake was eaten.”
2. 被动语态的用法:表示主语是被动接受动作的情况,强调动作的承受者。被动语态通常用于以下情况:
- 当动作的执行者未知时。例如,“My bike was stolen.”
- 当动作的执行者不需要强调时。例如,“The book was written by Mark Twain.”
- 当强调动作的承受者时。例如,“The project was completed by our team.”
3. 被动语态的时态:被动语态的时态和主动语态一样,可以分为一般现在时、一般过去时、一般将来时、现在进行时、过去进行时、现在完成时、过去完成时等。
4. 被动语态的语态转换:被动语态和主动语态可以进行相互转换。例如,“The cake was eaten.”可以转换为主动语态“Someone ate the cake.”,相应的动词形式和主语都要进行调整。
需要注意的是,被动语态通常不适用于及物动词后跟双宾语的情况。例如,“He gave me a book.”,不能将其改为被动语态“ A book was given to me.”,而应该改为“ I was given a book by him.”